Florence Horsbrugh

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Overview

Florence Horsbrugh born Edinburgh, Scotland October 13, 1889 (d. 1969). Delegate to League of Nations, 1933-34, 1935; British delegate to the founding of the UN San Francisco, 1945. Conservative Minister of Education under Churchill, 1951-54. Delegate to Council of Europe and Western European Union 1955-60; delegate to UNESCO, 1953.

Quotations

“UNESCO contributes to the general welfare of all nations by promoting collaboration in education, science and culture.” (Dec. 18, 1952, Hansard; photo national portrait gallery)

Zilphia Horton

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Overview

Zilphia Horton (née Johnson) born Spadra, Arkansas April 14, 1910 (d. 1956). Singer and composer of protest anthem “We Shall Overcome”. Labor organizer; music director of Highlander Folk School, which trained many civil rights leaders.

Quotations

“We will overcome, we will overcome someday. Oh, down in my heart, I do believe, we'll overcome someday.” (her version; photo nyfolklore.org)

Ellen Horup

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Overview

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Ellen Hørup born Copenhagen, Denmark December 29, 1871 (d. 1953). Danish Gandhian; opposed NATO, Korean War.

Quotations

"Gandhi meant, to me, the apostle who would bring, not only to India but to the entire world, the gospel of the future—the abolishing of violence from mankind." (Copenhagen, Sept. 23, 1936; photo Dan. Peace Acad.)

Kada Hotic

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Overview

Kada Hotić born Kuka Grad, Bosnia March 11, 1945. Bosnian Muslim. Bosnian war survivor; husband, son, and brothers murdered in Srebrenica massacre, 1995. Co-founded Mothers of Srebrenica, 1995. Set example of forgiveness.

Quotations

“Maybe one day we can close the story of war and move toward genuine reconciliation. Everyone has suffered. When those men killed my son, they killed themselves. I forgive them, and so I live.” (New York Times, May 3, 2012; photo klix.ba)

Elizabeth Fox Howard

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Overview

Elizabeth Fox Howard born Walthamstow, London, England March 6, 1873 (d. 1957). Quaker relief worker, author, poet, and impressionist artist. Visited imprisoned conscientious objectors and aided enemy internees during World War I. Led postwar reconciliation efforts with Germany. Served as hostess to Gandhi, London, 1931. Ran “Rest Home” refuge for concentration camp recovery, Bad Pyrmont, 1933-39. Arrested by Nazis, but released, 1935. Aided with German relief after World War II.

Quotations

“Alongside the purely relief work we were always trying to carry a quiet and unostentatious message of friendship and reconciliation.” (“Quiet Helpers: Quaker Service in Postwar Germany”)

Edith How-Martyn

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Overview

Edith How-Martyn born Erith, Kent, England June 17, 1875 (d. 1954). English suffragist, birth-control advocate, mathematician; imprisoned for suffrage protests; founder and strategist nonviolent Women's Freedom League 1907; opposed World War I; one of first women to run for parliament 1918, antiwar; first birth control clinic 1921.

Quotations

"I can use my brain better without a hat, and as I come to these meetings to use my brain, I take my hat off." (comment on St. Paul's edict, 1920, in New York Times, July 3, 1995; photo spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk)

Julia Ward Howe

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Overview

Julia Ward Howe born Manhattan, NY May 27, 1819 (d. 1910). After writing "Battle Hymn of the Republic" 1862 she became pacifist leader, founding Women's International Peace Association 1871, and first Mothers' Peace Day 1873.

Quotations

"Disarm, disarm. The sword of murder is not the balance of justice. Blood does not wipe out dishonor, nor violence indicate possession." (Mothers Day proclamation, 1870; photo janebernhardt.com)

Lucy Somerville Howorth

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Overview

Lucy Somerville Howorth born Greenville, MS July 1, 1895 (d. 1997 age 102). "Judge Lucy", lawyer, politician, feminist; keynote speaker at White House conference on women in postwar peace 1944.

Quotations

"World conditions demand even more of women today. . . Women are the natural preservers of the human race." (June 1944, in Dorothy Shawhan & Martha Swain, Lucy Howorth, p. 99, 2006; photo 1924 Miss. History Now)

Ruth Hubbard

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Overview

Ruth Hubbard born Vienna, Austria March 3, 1924 (d. 2016). Biochemistry professor at Harvard and Woods Hole Institute. Peace activist for over 40 years with husband George Wald, opposing Vietnam War and the arms race.

Quotations

“The Kennedy School is more responsible for the wars that the United States is involved in than the arms manufacturers.” (Harvard Crimson, Apr. 2, 1991)

“The [Vietnam] war made me see that science and the universities help maintain differences in wealth and power between nations and between the ethnic, racial, and economic groups within them.” (Politics of Women's Biology, 1990, p. 1; photo Wikipedia from Harvard Square Library)

Danuta Hubner

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Overview

Danuta Hübner born Nisko, Poland April 8, 1948. Polish economist; Exec. Director UN European Commission for Econ. 2001, European Commissioner Econ. Policy 2004-9 during great recession; Eur. Parliament 2009; promoted Irish peace.

Quotations

"The continuation of the Union's support to the International Fund for Ireland. . . is a clear manifestation of the deep and on-going commitment of the Union to the peace and reconciliation process in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. The approach of the IFI. . . has produced remarkable results in paving the way towards a better and peaceful future for the people in Ireland and Northern Ireland. Together with the PEACE Programme, it has become a successful example to inspire others in promoting reconciliation in troublesome regions all over the world." (Oct. 12, 2006 Europa Press Release; photo danuta-hubner.pl)

Jackie Hudson

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Overview

Jackie Hudson born Saginaw, MI November 19, 1934 (d. 2011). Dominican nun; led nonviolent protests against war and nuclear weapons for 30 years; repeatedly arrested; spent six months in prison.

Quotations

"If we were ever to ban war, now is the time. Our action stems from a right and an obligation based on our belief that the U.S. government's threat to use nuclear weapons violates international law." (Works in Progress June 2003; photo Nuclear Free Future Award)

Kate Hudson

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Overview

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Katharine "Kate" Hudson born October 23, 1958. British peace leader; political science professor; former communist. Led opposition to Iraq War; against Trident missile; opposed Gaza bombing. Chair of Committee for Nuclear Disarmament (CND), 2003-10; overnighted at Trafalgar Square peace camp, 2005; co-founder and chair Left Unity Party, 2013; promoted Wool Against Weapons knitted scarf, 2014.

Quotations

"NATO is an aggressive, expansionist nuclear-armed alliance, rather than the caring, responsible face of the international community they now like to suggest." (quote and photo Kates Blog, CND, September 5, 2014)

Valerie M. Hudson

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Overview

Valerie M. Hudson born Washington DC May 15, 1958. Professor of Political Science.

Quotations

“[T]he promotion of gender equality goes far beyond the issue of social justice and has important consequences for international security. . . [S]ocieties that are more gender-equal are less likely to go to war, to use force first during conflicts, or to be involved in violent international crises.” (Sex and World Peace, 2012; photo vmhudson.org)

Dolores Huerta

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Overview

Dolores Huerta (née Fernández) born Dawson, NM April 10, 1930. Woman leader and co-founder of nonviolent United Farm Workers, 1962. Organized successful national grape boycott; arrested 22 times. Inducted into National Women's Hall of Fame, 1993.

Quotations

"I think we showed the world that nonviolence can work to make social change. . . I consider nonviolence to be a very strong spiritual force because it's a almost like an energy that goes out and it touches people." (Garcia Reader, p. 183; photo doloreshuerta.org)

Arianna Huffington

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Overview

Arianna Huffington (née Stassinopolous) born Athens, Greece July 15, 1950. Author and columnist opposed US intervention in Balkans, Iraq War and expansion of Afghan War.

Quotations

"Just as the Athenian army was lost in the quarries of Sicily, the American army is being lost in the deserts of Iraq." (March 13, 2008)

"[The war in Afghanistan is] the gold standard of a dumb war, immoral and unnecessary." (Dec. 13, 2009; photo Wikipedia)

Jessie Wallace Hughan

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Overview

Jessie Wallace Hughan born Brooklyn, NY December 25, 1875 (d. 1955). Radical pacifist; socialist; founder of Fellowship of Reconciliation, 1915; Anti-Enlistment League, 1915; War Resisters League, 1923; pioneer of civilian based defense, 1937.

Quotations

"A war is not like an earthquake or a tornado—it is an act of men and women. Wars will cease when men refuse to fight and women refuse to approve and allow." (Gioseffi, Women on War, p. 307; photo c. 1898 wikicommons pd)